Policy making in South Africa - 6476 Words

Introduction. Government exists in order to organise a society or nation into a manageable unit. It seeks to formulate laws for the purpose of instituting a fair, equitable and just society in which individual citizens expect to live safely being organised both to contribute to and to benefit from sound governing policy. Broadly speaking policy consists of three overhead functions which are: policy making, policy implementation and policy analysis and evaluation. The task of this assignment is to concentrate only on policy-making with particular reference to the elimination of the high crime rate in South Africa. The policy-making process has three main steps, namely policy initiation; policy formulation and policy approval. Policy†¦show more content†¦1.2. The meaning of public policy. The nature of policy is a multidimensional and there are various definitions of what public policy is. According to Fox, Schwella and Wissink (1991:27-28) the following basic fundamentals of public policy can be identified and are summarised below:Policy is developed by government role players, although non-government role players may influence the policy formulation and development and public policy is a purposive or goal-orientated action rather than random or chance behaviour (Fox, Schwella and Wissink: 1991:27). Hanekom (1987:7) further elaborates and describes policy-making as the activity preceding the publication of a goal and it is therefore a formally articulated goal that the legislator intends pursuing with society. Botes et al (1992:191) further describes public policy making as being the systematic actions which should be taken to achieve the goals of the relevant institution. Fox, Schwella and Wissink (1991:27-28) further state that public policy generally consists of a series of decisions taken jointly by politicians and/or officials rather than individual decisions. Public policy is a future-orientated, changing document which is aimed at the general welfare of the public (Fox, Schwella and Wissink: 1991:29). Thus, public policy is a systematic goal-orientated action that is developed by governmental bodies and officials in consultation with the public, which emerges in responseShow MoreRelatedForeign Policy : The Transition Of Democracy1039 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion 1. Foreign Policy Analysis: 1. Introduction: Foreign policy involves the goals, strategies, measures, understanding, agreements, directives and rules in which national governments conduct international relations with each other as well as international organisations and non-governmental actors. South Africa s post-apartheid foreign policy vision has become prosperous, peaceful, democratic, non-racial, non-sexist and united which contributes to the world that is equitable. This essay willRead MoreInformation and Communication Technology Growth in South Africa663 Words   |  3 PagesDespite continued dynamic growth in the South African information and communication technology (ICT) sector, most significantly in the mobile sector, this growth has yet to meet the national goals of affordable access for all South Africans to the full range of information and communication services. Access to mobile voice and data continues to grow, however broadband access (in particular fixed-line broadband) remains comparatively and noticeably l ower than other lower to middle income countriesRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Inequality1576 Words   |  7 Pagesalready earn less than men in economic spheres (â€Å"Fact Sheet†, 2010). The underlying gender roles and gender inequality that persists in South Africa help not only to explain their unbelievably difficult daily burdens but it also aids in the understanding of the lack of economic and political representation of women in the region (Bentley, 2004). Within South Africa there is a significant gap in the lack of opportunity and representation of women within the economic and political sphere, which directlyRead MoreThe Effects of Globalization1678 Words   |  7 Pageswhich is commonly referred to as a global village (Egnatz, 2011). South Africa is integrated highly into the world economy. South Africa is the strongest African economy and has attained positions like being a member of G8 .All these are as a result of globalization. Globalization has had an impact on the economy, the government and social nature resulting to some effects. The paper will look at how globalization has affected South Africa under several categories. It will also give an explanation onRead MoreEconomic Growth And Development Of South Africa1193 Words   |  5 Pages Viviers (cited by Vollgraaf 2016:p2) as a result of Brexit South Africa’s economic growth is expected to have a 0.1% cut-back due to its trading relations with the countries concerned. Bowler (2016:p1) stated that the UK’s pound depreciated after the Brexit occurrence, which could result in the UK’s imports being expensive. The country will be inclined to import less causing its trading import partners to suffer in the process. South Africa’s e xport demand in the UK market is going to decreaseRead MoreHistorical Background Of The Era Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pagesracial institution that was established in 1948 by the National Party that governed South Africa until 1994. The term, which literally means â€Å"apartness,† reflected a violently repressive policy designed to ensure that whites, who comprised 20% of the nation’s population, would continue to dominate the country. Although the policy began officially in 1948, the practice of racial discrimination has deep roots in South African society. As early as 1788, Dutch colonizers began establishing laws and regulationsRead MoreHow Increase The Number Of People With Higher Education1390 Words   |  6 PagesHow to increase the number of people with higher education in South Africa? In 21st century, many people think the African economy is poised for great things. But lots of problems, which are directly related to economy, still exist and should be fixed, especially the problem of education. South Africa is one of the sovereign states on the worlds, completely surrounded by one other state in southern Africa. South Africa’s economy developed rapidly, but they are facing an important problem-they haveRead MoreInterpersonal Cross-Cultural Competencies And Capabilities1376 Words   |  6 Pagesanother. 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It was one of the first corporation to develop aRead MoreEconomic Policies: What is the Fiscal Policy? Essay1703 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Economic policies are aimed at finding satisfactory solutions to various problems that emerge from time to time in any economic system. In most instances, the so called problems present themselves in the form of inflation, unsatisfactory or poor economic growth and unemployment. It is not always simple and straight forward to solve such dilemmas, especially because their impact, implications and importance changes from time to time. (Roux, 2008). Making use of the monetary policy and the fiscal

Utilitarianism Vs. Kantian Theory - 1100 Words

Melanie Dolechek 3/30/17 PHI Essay #2 Utilitarianism vs Kantian Theory Morality is a complex subject and ethical dilemmas yield differing opinions and theories that have manifested through time by intelligent philosophers. There were two influential philosophers’ names Jeremy Bentham and Immanuel Kant, who formed differing theories, in an attempt to set a uniform approach to ethical dilemmas and morality. Bentham was a firm supporter of Utilitarian theory; which focuses on overall happiness and consequences of an action (EMP 122). While Kant believed in his own theory that moral rules are absolute (EMP 129). Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics have few strengths and notable weaknesses, thus proving both theories implausible when compared to†¦show more content†¦Utilitarianism attempts to consider the interests of others. However, when focusing on happiness, we fail to consider aspects such as rights and justice (EMP 115). When taking into consideration someone who is wanting to perform a deliberate suicide, overall happiness should not be the only issue to consider. This does not seem plausible since, if happiness is the only factor, anyone could justify any case of Euthanasia on grounds that they were unhappy and the world would be a better place without them. Doctors would be able to justify assisted suicide, which could quickly lead down a slippery slope where anyone who wanted to end their life would be able to do so at any time. Utilitarianism considers the feelings of others, correlating with the minimum concept of morality, which states that we take all individuals involved, into account. However, this theory considers everyone’s happiness equally important, which would take away, the intimacy and bonding from those we have close relationships with, as their happiness is no more important than the stranger walking down the street (EMP 116). Utilitarianism poses a strong theory, however it fails to address moral issues based on reason, as their only consideration for moral issues is the overall happines s achieved. Immanuel Kant was an influential philosopher that looked at ethics and morality from a different perspective from Utilitarians. Kant believed that people are obligated to followShow MoreRelated Utilitarianism vs. Kantianism Essay1363 Words   |  6 PagesUtilitarianism vs. Kantianism Ethics can be defined as the conscious reflection on our moral beliefs with the aim of improving, extending or refining those beliefs in some way. (Dodds, Lecture 2) Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism are two theories that attempt to answer the ethical nature of human beings. This paper will attempt to explain how and why Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism differ as well as discuss why I believe Kants theory provides a more plausible account of ethicsRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism Essay1381 Words   |  6 Pages There are many ethical theories that one can follow. As a result of there being many different theories, some can overlap while others can vary greatly. The two most widely known theories, Utilitarianism and Deontological ethics, greatly conflict with each other. They differ mostly in what they value most, the outcome vs. the action/motive. John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism itself differs from the original form of Utilitarianism created by Jere my Bentham. Bentham felt that pleasure was wholly goodRead MoreThe Moral Dispute Of John Stuart Mill And Immanuel Kant1500 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The good, therefore, has been well defined as that at which all things aim.† His theories for happiness and fulfillment followed a theme of pain and pleasure and the proper function. He raised objections to the normative theories by defining his opposition to the claims of others. Aristotle’s argument constitutes taking the righteous path is taking the most ethical path rendering reward with heaven. Aristotle’s theory and argument will be explored further in this review along with the works of someRead MoreEthics - Paper 2. Utilitarianism Vs Universal Ethics. Facts1052 Words   |  5 PagesEthics - Paper 2 Utilitarianism vs Universal Ethics Facts (150 words) The current issue involves Luke, an employee of company ABC (ABC), and his conflict between obligations to work and to family. Luke is responsible for developing land purchased by ABC to construct an adult entertainment retail store. The future building is located at the corner of the neighborhood near where Luke’s brother, Owen, lives. Being an insider, Luke knows that the presence of the business will diminish values of surroundingRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Ethical Theory865 Words   |  4 Pagespatient of an untreatable cancer, or to not inform. This case in my opinion has the most merit, and can be applied to Mill’s Utilitarian Ethical Theory, the Kantian ethical theory, as well as the Principle of Beneficence and the Principle of Respect for Autonomy in order to determine an appropriate response for the doctor to act upon. Utilitarianism is an idea generated by John Stuart Mill and encompasses the idea of Principle of Utility. The Principle states that acts are right when they produceRead MoreSecurity Vs. Privacy : Should Edward Snowden Be Pardoned For Leaking1277 Words   |  6 PagesSecurity vs. Privacy Should Edward Snowden be pardoned for leaking thousands of classified NSA documents? An analysis of the merits of the Snowden leaks and the broader issue of security vs. privacy and mass surveillance from the perspective of at least two ethical theories. Following the terrorist attacks on 911, President George W. Bush signed into law The USA PATRIOT Act. Intended to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, The Patriot Act the made changes to surveillance laws thatRead MoreDr. Ethos, The Chief Resident Of A Hospital1591 Words   |  7 Pagesall the patients. The question is, what would Dr. Ethos do, if he were Utilitarian (Act vs. Rule)? What would Dr. Ethos do, if he were a Deontologist (Kantian)? Utilitarianism John S. Mill describes Utilitarianism, also known as â€Å"The greatest happiness principle†, as a philosophical theory of morality. This theory focuses on the end result, rather than the motive behind it, which makes it a consequential theory. It argues that the morality of the action is solely dependent on the action’s resultsRead MoreLying to Patients and Ethical Relativism910 Words   |  4 PagesI. Lying to Patients and Ethical Relativism Ethical Relativism and Ethical Subjectivism Ethical Relativism - theory that holds that morality is relative to the norms of ones culture. * a culture. i.e.: nobody should ever steal) Objective vs. Subjective (Telling right from wrong) Paternalism vs. Autonomy Paternalism – authority of restricting the freedom and responsibilities of those lower than them Autonomy is a binomial 1) Enlightenment ethics – celebration of the individual’sRead MoreEssay On Irregularity Vs. Moral Law1556 Words   |  7 Pages Irregularity Vs. Moral Heewon Ko California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Irregularity Vs. Moral Introduction In fall of 2016, students from one of the prestige university in Korea called Ewha Womans University began to protest to discover the truth on one student’s irregularities in admission. The students questioned how could this one student be enrolled in such a prestige school with no qualification. After months of investigation, they found out the mother of the studentRead MoreObjections to Utilitarianism1467 Words   |  6 Pageslast week, that UTILITARIANISM is a version of CONSEQUENTIALISM in that it holds that the RIGHT action (in any given situation) is the action WHICH HAS THE WHICH HAS THE BEST CONSEQUENCES; CONSEQUENTIALIST ethical theories may be contrasted with DEONTOLOGICAL – or DUTY-BASED theories (such as Kant’s) Now, some ( but not all) deontological theories are versions

Scenario Thinking Free Essays

Scenario thinking is a tool of finding out what will happen in the coming future (Mahaffie, J. 2008). It is a new way of planning in which the organization thinks through all the future possibilities and the decisions are made based on the possibilities that benefit the most (Fahey, L Robert M. We will write a custom essay sample on Scenario Thinking or any similar topic only for you Order Now Randall, 1997). This strategic planning tool removes uncertainty and allows organizations to realize the risks and dangers that might occur if a certain project is carried out. Now that we have a clear idea of what Scenario thinking is, we can move on and elaborate how our consulting team applies this in our sporting and concert events at major locations. Planning is very important in each and every activity especially in event management. Therefore, before anything else, there is a planning phase. This phase is very important for obvious reasons and because of this it is given the utmost importance. In this phase each and every aspect of the event is taken into consideration. Each element of the event is planned out in detail. This helps us have an insight in the future by predicting the event before it actually takes place and hence we are in a better position to develop contingency plans for each and every event. The planning is also done on the basis of previous events managed by our consulting team. We learn from experience and since we have a lot of that, we believe that this becomes our strength. As the contingency plans for every possible occurrence are developed before hand, there is a very low chance of any kind of risk involved. By asking ‘what if’ questions, we develop causal relationships between various factors (Scearce, D. Katherine Fulton, 2004). For example in this planning phase, we ask ourselves what if the regulations set by the authorities change in a way which negatively affects our event. The next step would be answering this questions and coming up with a contingency plan. Hence a causal relationship has been developed between the cause (changes in governmental regulations) and our action. By the end of the planning phase, we have a clear idea of how to go about things and hence there is no room for any kind of uncertainties. All the findings that are established in the planning phase are documented and will be available at all times in the next phase with everyone who is involved in the event in any way. Next is the implementing phase. This again is very important and everything in this phase is developed on the basis of what was established in the previous phase. This phase is important because this is when the planning becomes reality. This is the reason why the implementation of planned event is done by people who specialize in their respective fields. The experience and the skills with these specialists remove any chance for errors and hence the risk and failure rate is very low. All our events are carried out on locations that are most popular and enjoyed by the audience. These are therefore the major locations and hence we have another reason to ensure to that all our events are at par with the level that is expected by the audience. Conclusion In conclusion, we would once again like to emphasize that the step by step scenario thinking procedure adopted by our consulting team ensures that our events stand out from the rest. The failure rate is very low therefore the bidders and the investors do not have to worry about the risks that are normally involved in any kind of event. References Fahey, L Robert M. Randall. (1997) Learning from the Future: Competitive Foresight Scenarios. John Wiley and Sons Scearce, D. Katherine Fulton. (2004, July) What if? Retrieved January 2, 2009, from http://www. gbn. com/ArticleDisplayServlet. srv? aid=32655 Mahaffie, J. (2008, Feb 12) Why I love introducing scenario thinking to people? Retrieved January 2, 2009, from http://foresightculture. com/2008/02/12/why-i-love-introducing-scenario-thinking-to-people How to cite Scenario Thinking, Papers

Final Essay Example For Students

Final Essay 1.The Clinton-Lewinsky affair is a very good example of the concentric circle model. Thinking of it in the way explained in the book, as a pebble being dropped in still water. That is exactly what happened in this story. The ripples were the different people that were actually involved in and knew of the story in the first place, before it got out to the public. The medias knowledge of the story started when Michael Isikoff tracked down Linda Tripp, because of tips he received from other people. It is funny to me how the story for the media began which was because there had been rumors that Clinton had asked Monica Lewinsky to perjure, which would have been illegal. What is so funny to me about that is, when the news actually hit the public, the story seemed to change to the fact that Clinton had an affair. Which is exactly what the Newsweek and other news outlets were not interested in reporting. 2.Internet has evolved over the last ten years. It has continually expanded and become every more a part of the medias conglomeration. And the future of the internet is looking very good. Because technology has always surpassed itself, coming out with new and better products on an continual basis. Today the internet is accessible in most schools and children are becoming more computer literate. I believe that one day the internet will surpass all other forms of media. As more people start to become computer literate they will use the internet more. Businesss make billions of dollars a year from the internet. Allowing people to shop in the convenience of their own home has been a huge plus for these businesss. This is a very profitable venue for a business because they dont have all the expenses of an actual store, such as employees and the physical store. 3. The White House Press Secretary has a very unique relationship with the media. The person who has this job more than likely has an abundant amount of information the media would like to know. This goes along very well with what libertarians believe. Which is that people are involved in a life-long quest for knowledge, truth and wisdom. They imagined a word of many diverse publications that there would be room for every outlook. That, truth-seeking individuals exchange ideas in an unstructured, free-wheeling marketplace. And finally that all citizens engaging in great dialogues through the media seemed naive to some people.4.Orson Welles had no idea that what he did that Halloween night in 1938 would have such great impact on people. One-sixth of people that listen to the radio broadcast panicked. The way that listeners perceived the message was not good. They did mention that the broadcast was a joke, but only at the beginning so people that missed that first part did not know tha t it was just a hoax. People actually believed that there were actual aliens that had landed. This was a very good example of how listeners or viewers of a media product go through the different steps of message conception, encoding, transmission, reception and decoding. The people doing the broadcast did it in such of a way that it seemed that they were encoding it to say that the event had happened, if they had not heard them say it wasnt true at the beginning. They used electronic transmission to allow for people to hear it. Reception was the people actually hearing the broadcast. Decoding is how the person translates to themselves what they have just heard. 5.The War of the Worlds best fits the basic model. Looking at the five fundamental steps to this model you can see that it is much like it. Orson Welles came up with the idea to put on the broadcast, this would be the first step. He then actually followed through with it and told the bogus story, which would complete the second step. He did this over the air-waves which is the third step. People listened to the broadcast and made something of it. And the final step is people deciding whether they believed the story or not. .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 , .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .postImageUrl , .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 , .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667:hover , .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667:visited , .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667:active { border:0!important; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667:active , .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667 .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue67ad9b51cecd2c3c9cf117d54f23667:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel was born in Heidenheim Essay6.There is no doubt that our society is relies heavily on public opinion polls. All sorts of people and businesss use them to determine a vast array of things from whether people prefer Coke or Pepsi to who people will be voting for in the coming primary election. This can be looked at as both a good and a bad thing depending on whos view you look at it from. For the people and business doing the surveys, they are great. A survey can allow them to know what will probably happen in the future or whether or not they are using the right marketing or presidential campaign. Businesss can increase there profits incredibly i f they know what the consumers want. But for those of us on the other side be targeted to by all of these campaigns it can be seen as ridicules. These businesss and politicians who have these polls conducted for them, use them to sell some sort of and image back to ourselves. The presidents campaign team wants to know how people feel about abortions, before their candidate goes and takes a side on the issue. So it is almost as if that person decision is not based on what he or she really feels, but what will get them the most amount of votes. It can be looked at the same way in a marketing campaign. 7.These days it would be hard to find someone who hasnt heard of MTV. MTV is mainly targeted towards teens. One of the biggest reasons why MTV has been such a success for Viacom is because, it is a Cool thing for teens to watch. Not many teens dislike MTV as they would maybe PBS. MTV has shows that relate to teens, these shows include many of the people these teens look up to in the entertainment business. So the things that they see those people doing, wearing, saying or even eating or drinking, they will want to do. It is a mode of surveillance for them. They can check out what the newest fashions or see what everybody else is listening to. People then take those things they saw or heard on these shows and talk about them or try to copy them. This would be how people use them in socialization. When teens watch these shows the go through the diversion function because, when they are watching they almost are there. They feel like they have left all of their worries and are really in Cancun on MTVs Spring Break Special. 8.News as we know it today has drastically changed from colonial days. Back in the colonial days there was only one way for people to get news and that was by newspaper or magazine. There was no TV or radio in those days. Newspapers and magazines would run daily or weekly depending on there style. As time passed radio was introduced. This gave people an third outlet to get there news from. The invention of the TV did a great deal for News agencies, it allowed them to get the news out to mass audiences. Today we have stations such as CNN that have 24 hour news. This was a big break through when it happened. CNN had a profound effect on how news would be gathered and distributed. Ted Turner saw that people wanted a station like CNN and although he had no experience in News he went out and started a 24/7 news station. CNN has been the only station to cover many events such as the Gulf War, which has helped them very much. Then finally the internet has allowed people access to news 24/7 also.

Discuss how Ibsen has shaped your response to the issues raised in A Doll’s House Essay Example Essay Example

Discuss how Ibsen has shaped your response to the issues raised in A Doll’s House Essay Example Paper Discuss how Ibsen has shaped your response to the issues raised in A Doll’s House Essay Introduction Issues that are raised in â€Å"A Doll’s House† such as freedom, self development, appearance verses reality and honesty in relationships are still valid today. I believe that Ibsen’s ‘A dolls house’ is a microcosms for the wide issues evident in many contemporary cultures as these the themes transcend time. Many of the main issues presented can be seen with in the first few pages of the play when Ibsen introduces the characters to the audience. The theme of self development and freedom is shown through the use of metaphor â€Å"my little songbird† â€Å"my little squirrel† says Torvald to Nora. Both the animals mentioned are wild, weak as well as easily frightened animals however Torvald’s use of first person possessive pronoun and the adjective â€Å"little† symbolises his patronising attitude and puts emphasis on Nora’s entrapment and the dependence on her husband as per the social mores of society at that time. The use of the adjective â€Å"little† shows how Torvald belittles her, not allowing her to self develop into a person. The issue of self development of women is still relevant in today’s society, such as in the business world men still dominate women and regard them as weaker. Ibsen brings this theme to the attention of the audience and i find that it is an issue that can and should be brought to the attention of all audience no matter which era. Discuss how Ibsen has shaped your response to the issues raised in A Doll’s House Essay Body Paragraphs Ibsen has used the props as a metaphor of the macaroons when Nora is eating them against Torvald’s will this show the issue of freedom and to demonstrate Nora’s craving for independence. Nora’s lie about the macaroons is the first step in a sequence of lies which will ultimately bring about her downfall. This also shows the issue of honesty in relationships, because the tangle of lies told by Nora is one of the factors that destroyed the relationship. Ibsen want s to emphasise to the audience that honesty in a relationship is the most important element. Once again i find that this is a theme that transcends time and is valid for all audiences. Ibsen has raised the issue of appearance versus reality through register and diction. Nora’s register and diction when she talks to Torvald â€Å"can we burn just a little? A tiny little?. Pennies and pennies ad pennies† demonstrates how Nora presents the appearance of a child. She does this through her childi sh expression and tone of childish wheedling and dependency. This gives the appearance of her being frivolous and impulsive. Through the use of short sentences â€Å"You told me not to.† Ibsen has showed that Torvald controls Nora he tells her what to do, emphasising the issue of freedom. Through this Ibsen has shown Torvald’s possessive nature, and also reveals his paternalism. He tells her what to do and looks after her because he doesn’t think that she can look after herself. This shows how Nora is trapped in a relationship where she is not being treated equally and Torvald thinks of himself as superior and positions himself to give orders. This issue of freedom and inequality between sexes is still relevant today. The use of the short sentences to show that the man controls the woman is an issue that transcends time. This is the point of view of MW Brun, who says that Nora has betrayed her family by leaving and that her purpose is for her husband to control her. Ibsen uses word choice â€Å"feather brain† to emphasises the theme of appearances versus reality, Torvald sees Nora as silly but in reality she is not. This reinforces what is said by Joan Templeton that â€Å"her brain is not just an organ of her sex† meaning that her brain is useful and intelligent. This is used to show that men belive themselves intellectually superior to women. Ibsen’s use of word choice to emphasise this issue has reinforced my response that this issue transcends time. An example of this is in the present day when even scientists have an ongoing debate about the brain size of both sexes, and have indicated, that female brains tend to be smaller. They used this the reinforce the view that women are intellectually inferior to men. Further in the play when Nora is telling Mrs Linde about how she borrowed money, Nora reveals to the audience who she really is. To emphasise the theme of the right to be an individual Ibsen has used repetitio n. The word â€Å"free† has been used 4 times in 5 lines, emphasising her desire to be free. Nora is trapped but is not aware of it, this has impacted on my response that even contemporary women are in situations where they feel trapped and they are unaware of it. Ibsen has used Nora’s situation to make the audience aware that these situations are present in society, women do feel trapped and I feel that these are situation that have always existed. Ibsen has emphasised society’s expectations about women through the use of short unfinished sentences â€Å"almost like a man†. Shows Nora’s longing to be equal and to have power, however society will not allow her to have it openly. This is emphasised by Joan Templeton’s use of the word â€Å"Buried in Nora are an intelligence† showing that even in 1997 women are equal to men but they are pressured by society to keep their talents buried. It shows that in societies, women will never be eq ual to men. This reinforces my view that these issues of equality are relevant today, even today women are given less power, this is proven by the few women in positions of power. Ibsen has used debt in the play as a theatrical device to reveal the issues of the appearance of marriage versus the reality of the shallowness of marriage as a social construct. In a conversation between Nora and Mrs Linde, Mrs Linde shows her surprise of Nora’s dishonesty about her debt â€Å"you won’t ever tell him†. Honesty in relationships is once again an issue that transcends time and is just as important to Ibsen’s audience in 1882 as it would be to an audience in 2009. Further on in the play once Torvald discovers Krogstads letter stating that Nora has committed fraud, he is furious and Nora states â€Å"when I’m out of your way, you’ll be free of it.† demonstrating further more evidence of Nora’s need to be free. Ibsen’s use of free a s a verb explores the idea that he has become entangled by her lies and that when she leaves, both of them will be free and this will allow them to become self directed. Ibsen has once again brought up the issue of honesty in relationships; this has shaped me to see honesty as paramount importance in a relationship. The idea that they are trapped in lies shows the powerful negative effects of dishonesty. The idea of status in a patriarchal society and Torvald’s desperate need to regain power, is shown through the use of ellipsis. â€Å"Don’t. talk.† reveals that he needs to formulate his thoughts carefully so that he can dictate Nora’s dialogue, attitude and actions. This once again brings up the issue of men controlling women; Ibsen wants his audience to see that women should not be controlled that women can decide for themselves. My response to this issue is that women should not be controlled if they are to gain any self development. This is relevant t o any women in any time era. The idea of status is reinforced through the use of the personal pronoun â€Å"what good is that to me.they’ll think I knew.that I was part of it†. This also indicates his status is of paramount importance in his life, and he is anxious that his reputation will be tarnished by Nora’s actions. The use of imperative language â€Å"take off.take it off. it must be hushed up†. demonstrates the facade which Torvald presents to the world and which has been threatened by the discovery of Nora’s actions. This is symbolic of their relationship that his behaviour towards her is the same in public as in private. However this is proven to be erroneous when he states that â€Å"in public† their relationship must be maintained. The truth of their relationship is shown through the use of a metaphor â€Å"Rags, crumbs†, their relationship is now nothing more than residue. Ibsen has used this to show his audience that the social concept of marriage in this instance is built upon corruption and lies. This issue is still relevant for example how celebrities demonstrate that they have a perfect relationship whilst being in the public eye, however this is far from reality. The theme of appearance versus reality has also been emphasised by the use of stage directions â€Å"He jumps† this shows that Torvald is scared. He is in a panic without his facade of being a strong proud man. This is then juxtaposed to his attitude once Krogstads threat has been removed. He once again pretends to be strong and masculine â€Å"I’ll guide you† â€Å"I’ll protect you†. The use of the personal pronoun shows Torvald’s pride and need to control. To make himself feel superior he denigrates Nora by associating her gender with weakness â€Å"feminine weakness†. This reflects the views of the patriarchal society at the time. In Torvald’s appearance of himself he is a gene rous man for â€Å"forgiving† Nora. The words â€Å"forgive you† are repeated four times to emphasise that in Torvald’s mind he was always in the right and Nora’s was always in the wrong. This emphasises the theme of gender stereotypes. These stereotypes are still present in today’s society the man has to be that strong controlling one and woman is the weak petite feminine one. An example of this in today’s society would be that in the army women are not allowed to be fighting at the front line, because it is said to be no place for a woman. Ibsen was a man before his time, the issues he raised shocked that audience of his time however they were relevant and still are, they are issues that will transcend time. Ibsen has used many techniques to shape my response to these issues which is that they are issues that will always be applicable in society. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss how Ibsen has shaped your response to the issues raised in A Doll’s House Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss how Ibsen has shaped your response to the issues raised in A Doll’s House Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss how Ibsen has shaped your response to the issues raised in A Doll’s House Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Rock Me Amadeus and Der Kommissar Lyrics by Falco

Rock Me Amadeus and Der Kommissar Lyrics by Falco Falco was one of the first Euro-pop stars to receive a truly international fan base. His hit songs like Rock Me Amadeus and Der Kommissar are a mix of German and English lyrics in a techno-pop style and they topped international music charts during the 1980s. While Falcos life and career were short, he left a mark on music history. He was one of the first musicians who broke national barriers and appealed to music lovers throughout the world. Who Was Falco? The Austrian pop star  Falco  was born Johann Hà ¶lzel  in Vienna on February 19, 1957. He first gained international attention with his huge hit â€Å"Der Kommissar† in 1982. After â€Å"Rock Me Amadeus† in 1985, Falcos popularity extended into the 1990s until his untimely death at the age of 40. Falco died on February 6, 1998 in an auto accident near Puerto Plata in the Dominican Republic. He had moved there in 1996 to avoid high Austrian taxes and the constant attention for media. He was in the process of setting up a new recording studio when he drove into the path of an oncoming bus. Falcos Biggest Hits The majority of Falcos songs contain what VH1 calls â€Å"a droll mixture of German and English lyrics.† Many were recorded and released for both the European and American markets as well as various other editions. The versions of â€Å"Rock Me Amadeus† and â€Å"Der Kommissar† on European releases are different from the U.S. releases, plus there is a variety of â€Å"remix† versions of many Falco songs. Falcos German lyrics are usually easy to understand (except when he uses a Viennese dialect). While many of his songs were popular, only a few were really big hits: Der Kommissar - (1982) Einzelhaft  albumRock Me Amadeus - (1985) Falco 3  albumJeanny   - (1985) Falco 3  albumVienna Calling  - (1985) Falco 3  album Rock Me Amadeus Lyrics Released in 1983, Rock Me Amadeus was Falcos biggest hit and it topped music charts all over the world. There was also a U.S. version released for radio, but the lyrics do not have the same pizazz or tell the full story of Falcos original lyrics. In true Falco form, English is scattered throughout this song. This is particularly true in the chorus, which is quite catchy and filled with little more than Amadeus, Amadeus, Rock me Amadeus.   Instead of including the complete song lyrics, lets focus on the German verses and their translations. By isolating these lines from the hit tune, we can see Falcos admiration for Mozart which was likely influenced by his classical music training in Vienna. The original lyrics show how Falco brought the classical composer into the spotlight and explained him as a rock star of his day. If you know much about Mozarts life, you will realize that this is really not far from the truth. Falcos Lyrics Direct Translation by Hyde Flippo Er war ein PunkerUnd er lebte in der groen StadtEs war Wien, war ViennaWo er alles tatEr hatte Schulden denn er trankDoch ihn liebten alle FrauenUnd jede rief:Come on and rock me Amadeus He was a PunkerAnd he lived in the big cityIt was Vienna, was ViennaWhere he did everythingHe had debts, for he drankBut all the women loved himAnd each one shouted:Come on and rock me Amadeus Er war SuperstarEr war populrEr war so exaltiertBecause er hatte FlairEr war ein VirtuoseWar ein RockidolUnd alles rief:Come on and rock me Amadeus He was SuperstarHe was popularHe was so exaltedBecause he had flairHe was a virtuosoWas a rock idolAnd everyone shouted:Come on and rock me Amadeus Es war um 1780Und es war in WienNo plastic money anymoreDie Banken gegen ihnWoher die Schulden kamenWar wohl jedermann bekanntEr war ein Mann der FrauenFrauen liebten seinen Punk It was around 1780And it was in ViennaNo plastic money anymoreThe banks against himFrom which his debts cameIt was common knowledgeHe was a womens manWomen loved his punk Note: English phrases in italics are also in English in the original song. Der Kommissar Lyrics Falcos first international hit was Der Komissar, released in 1982 on the Einzelhalt album. This song is a perfect example of how Falco mixed German and English in his music. This unique style in language had a certain appeal to his fans and is one of the main reasons why he found such worldwide fame. Der Kommissar also demonstrates how innovative Falcos music was in the early 80s dance club scene. This is one of the great examples of the singer fusing techno-pop music while  rapping the German lyrics. This song still gets a lot of play on hits-of-the-80s radio stations- usually the English version by After the Fire. A German line from that song did, however, became familiar to English-speakers around the world: â€Å"Alles  klar, Herr Kommissar?† (Got that, Mr. Commissioner?). Falcos Original Lyrics Direct Translation by Hyde Flippo Two, three, fourEins, zwei, dreiNa, es is nix dabeiNa, wenn ich euch erzhl die GschichtNichts desto trotz,Ich bin es schon gewohntIm TV-Funk da luft es nicht. Two, three, fourOne, two, threeWell, it doesnt matterWell, when I tell you the storyNone the less,Im quite used to itIt wont be running in TV-Funk. Ja, sie war jung,Das Herz so rein und weiUnd jede Nacht hat ihren Preis,Sie sagt: Sugar Sweet,Ya got me rappin to the heat!Ich verstehe, sie ist hei,Sie sagt: Baby, you know,I miss my funky friends,Sie meint Jack und Joe und Jill.Mein Funkverstndnis,Ja, das reicht zur Not,Ich berreiss*, was sie jetzt will. Yes, she was young,Her heart so pure and whiteAnd every night has its price.She says: Sugar Sweet,ya got me rappin to the heat!I understand, shes hot,She says: Baby, you know,I miss my funky friends,She means Jack and Joe and Jill.My understanding of funk,yeah, itll do in a crunch,I understand what she wants now. Ich berleg bei mir,Ihr Nasn spricht dafr,Whrenddessen ich noch rauch,Die Special Places sind ihr wohlbekannt,Ich mein, sie fhrt ja U-Bahn auch.Dort singens:Dreh dich nicht um, schau, schau,der Kommissar geht um!Er wird dich anschaunund du weit warum.Die Lebenslust bringt dich um.Alles klar, Herr Kommissar? I think it over,Her nose does the talking,While I continue to smoke,She knows the Special Places very well;I think she takes the metro, too.There theyre singing:Dont turn around, look, look,the Commissioner is out and about!Hell keep his eye on youand you know why.Your zest for life will kill you.Got that, Mr. Commissioner? Hey man, wanna buy some stuff, man?Did you ever rap that thing Jack?So rap it to the beat!Wir treffen Jill and JoeUnd dessen Bruder hipUnd auch den Rest der coolen GangSie rappen hin, sie rappen herDazwischen kratzens ab die Wnd. Hey man, wanna buy some stuff, man?Did you ever rap that thing Jack?So rap it to the beat!We meet Jill and JoeAnd his bother hipAnd also the rest of the cool GangThey rap to, they rap froIn between they scrape it off the walls. Dieser Fall ist klar,Lieber Herr Kommissar,Auch wenn sie andrer Meinung sind:Den Schnee auf dem wir alleTalwrts fahrn,Kennt heute jedes Kind.Jetzt das Kinderlied:Dreh dich nicht um, schau, schau,der Kommissar geht um!Er hat die Kraft und wir sind klein und dumm,dieser Frust macht uns Stumm. This case is clear,Dear Mr. Commissioner,Even if you have a different opinion:The snow on which we allski downhill,every child knows.Now the nursery rhyme:Dont turn around, look, look,the Commissioner is out and about!He has the power and were little and dumb;this frustration makes us mum. Dreh dich nicht um, schau, schau,der Kommissar geht um!Wenn er dich ansprichtund du weit warum,Sag ihm: Dein Lebn bringt dich um. Dont turn around, look, look,the Commissioner is out and about!When he talks to youand you know why,tell him: Your life is killing you. * à ¼berreissen Austrian slang for verstehen, to understand Note: English phrases in italics are also in English in the original song. The German and English lyrics are provided for educational use only. No infringement of copyright is implied or intended. These literal, prose translations of the  original German  lyrics by Hyde Flippo are not from the English versions sung by either Falco or After the Fire.

Individual Assessment (Part 2) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Individual Assessment (Part 2) - Assignment Example Programming is the act of original formulation of processes and steps within the tendering process. The definition is applicable to both the private and public sector when it comes to tender submission. Programming is a process involved with identifying the mission, objective, procedures, rules, and the manipulation of human capital of an organization in the process of seeking success (Fischer-Hübner 2006, p. 10). In order for an organization to be effective, regardless of the situation, there must be effective channels of communication within all tiers. There should be enough human motivation and responsibility of actions. As such, the tender submission requirements do not subject management, being one of the tender aspects, into the manipulation of a mechanism (Fischer-Hübner 2006, p. 10). Tender management does not have to be viewed in an enterprise point of view alone. The main reason is that programming is an essential function that improves the existence of firms and ev en individuals. There are several factors that influence programming as an aspect of the tender submission. Per se, programming assists the two sectors when it comes to procurement requirements. As observed in the public and private sector, the process of submitting tenders is a process that does not occur in isolation. The process is related to the general flow of market awareness and the awarding process of the different organizations. There are several activities that are involved (Fischer-Hübner 2006, p. 11).